1 What is silicon steel?
Silicon steel is also called “electrical steel”, is a very low carbon ferrosilicon soft magnetic alloy. The addition of silicon can not only increase the resistivity and maximum permeability of iron, on the other hand, it can also reduce the core loss (iron loss), coercivity, magnetic aging. It is generally used in the iron cores of various motors and transformers, and is an indispensable soft magnetic alloy in the power, electronics and military industries.
2 Classification of silicon steel
(1) According to the production process: can be divided into hot-rolled and cold-rolled silicon steel, hot-rolled silicon steel is low availability, large energy loss, has gradually begun to be phased out. Cold-rolled silicon steel is divided into oriented silicon steel and non-oriented silicon steel according to the internal grain orientation.
(2) According to the different silicon content, electrical steel is divided into low silicon chips (low grade) and high silicon chips (high grade). Low silicon sheet has a certain mechanical strength, mainly used in the manufacture of motor, commonly known as motor silicon steel sheet; High silicon is good magnetic, but more brittle, mainly used in the manufacture of transformer core, commonly known as transformer silicon steel sheet.
3 The difference between unoriented silicon steel and oriented silicon steel
The grain of oriented silicon steel is basically in one direction, and the silicon content is high, which is mainly used in transformer manufacturing. Non-oriented silicon steel has disorganized grain distribution and low silicon content, which is mainly used in motor manufacturing. The silicon content is generally limited to 3%; Cold-rolled silicon steel is divided into cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel and cold-rolled oriented silicon steel.
(1) The production process requirements of cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel are relatively low, and the silicon mass fraction is between 0.5% and 3.0%. The finished product thickness after cold rolling is generally 0.35 and 0.5mm thick steel strip. Its Bs is higher than oriented silicon steel, uniform thickness, high dimensional accuracy, smooth surface, improve the filling coefficient and magnetic properties of the material.
(2) The silicon mass fraction of cold-rolled oriented silicon steel is above 3.0%, and the carbon mass fraction is 0.03%-0.05%. The content of oxide inclusion in steel is low and inhibitors are needed. Compared with cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel, oriented silicon steel has lower loss, strong directional magnetic properties, and superior high permeability and low loss characteristics in its rolling direction. Cold-rolled oriented silicon steel, also known as cold-rolled transformer silicon steel, is mainly used in transformer manufacturing.
(3) Cold-rolled oriented silicon steel can also be divided into ordinary oriented silicon steel (CGO) and high magnetic induction oriented silicon steel (Hi-B) two categories. High magnetic induction cold-rolled oriented silicon steel is a single orientation steel strip, the main use is used in the manufacture of various types of choke coil, transformer and other electromagnetic components in electronic instruments.
4 Application scenarios of silicon steel
(1) non-oriented silicon steel
① Large mechanical and electrical: water, fire, nuclear power units: 30-50W290 or more; Wind turbine: 30-35W360 or more
② Household appliances: high efficiency variable frequency air conditioning compressor: 30-50W360 or more; High efficiency inverter refrigerator compressor: 30-35W360 or more
③ Small and medium-sized electromechanical: Y1, Y2, Y3 series and derivative series products: low grade; High efficiency, super efficiency: 30-35W470 or more
④ New energy vehicles: drive motor: 30-35-50W350 or more; Micro-motor for new energy vehicles: 20-35W360 or more
(2) Oriented silicon steel
Transformer: High-end transformer: 750KV, 1000KV; Medium and low-end transformers: 220-500KV, 110-200KV, less than 110KV; Various grades of energy-saving transformers: 0.18-30mm
